TeachME Professional Development

Learning in a Digital World

Executive Summary

1. While technological advances hold great potential for improving educational outcomes, technology must be combined with high-quality learning resources and sound implementations in order to be effective.

A. True B. False

2. An advantage of using digital resources is that each learner can have ALL of the following EXCEPT:

A. A different pace B. A contrasting style of presentation C. No knowledge of technology D. A different type of content

Summary

3. In the world of digital resources, experts recommend an approach to evidence that is varied and linear.

A. True B. False

Introduction

4. If educators embrace new strategies for improving learning outcomes, what should follow?

A. Higher test scores B. An increase in high school graduation rates C. Greater college graduation rates D. A decrease in high school dropout rates

Big Data in Education

5. 'Big data” is a term that describes large amounts of fine-tuned data that is easily stored, searched, shared, analyzed, and visualized using commonly available analytical tools and methods.

A. True B. False

Opportunity for Expanded Approaches to Evidence

6. The most widely accepted model today for determining the impact of a learning resource or intervention consists of ALL of the following stages of research EXCEPT:

A. An efficacy study is to test whether an intervention can produce a desired effect B. Small investigations testing the principles behind a resource C. Somewhat larger studies testing its efficacy under ideal conditions D. Large-scale multisite randomized controlled trials

Learning from Industry

7. If students perform strongly after using a new technology-based resource, it can also be attributed to their teachers’ skills.

A. True B. False

Importance of Privacy Policy and Legal Issues

8. Legal issues may arise when educators, administrators, and researchers ________ data.

A. Collect B. Store C. Analyze D. All of the above

Building on Past Calls for Evidence

9. Each of the following is an example of the federal government’s focus on the results of learning resources EXCEPT:

A. Common Core State Standards Initiative B. Government Performance and Results Act C. Establishment of the Coalition for Evidence-Based Policy D. No Child Left Behind Act

An Evidence Framework

10. Once a learning resource has been selected, the document used to help implement it is the Evidence Reference Guide.

A. True B. False

Chapter 1: Making Sure Learning Resources Promote Deeper Learning

11. Because expectations for students continue to rise, students today need ______________ at levels that were expected of only the most highly educated students in past generations.

A. Technological knowledge B. Communication competencies C. Test taking skills D. All of the above

New Opportunities Provided by Technology

12. One disadvantage of revising digital learning systems is that it is too expensive.

A. True B. False

Expanded Approaches for Gathering Evidence

13. Technology developers and education researchers differ in that education researchers are less likely to be guided by concepts drawn from basic learning theory and research.

A. True B. False

Scaling SimCalc and Testing the Generalizability of Measured Impacts

14. Which of the following is true about A/B testing?

A. It requires three randomly assigned groups of users B. Researchers compare the experiences and outcomes of the three groups C. Historically, A/B testing has not been used for market research. D. It is being applied to digital learning research and development.

A/B Testing and Rapid Improvement Cycles at the Khan Academy

15. A/B testing is recommended to guide big changes, such as a major user interface redesign.

A. True B. False

Uses of Evidence from Random-Assignment Experiments

16. Researchers claim that random-assignment experiments might be considered the gold standard for establishing research/practice relationships.

A. True B. False

Implementation Research and Rapid Prototyping of Digital Resources for Sara Solves It

17. The primary goal of the Pathways project led by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching is to improve outcomes for developmental mathematics students in:

A. Elementary school B. Middle school C. High School D. Community colleges

Uses of Evidence from Implementation Research

18. The Pathways Project has emphasized investigation of the relationships between specific changes in practices and changes in student completion rates for the developmental math sequence.

A. True B. False

Chapter 2: Building Adaptive Learning Systems That Support Personalized Learning

19. Which of the following is a correct statement about adaptive instruction?

A. Adaptive instruction is a fairly new strategy B. Digital learning systems are considered adaptive when they change to better suit the learner in response to the learner’s gender or age C. Adaptive learning systems never vary features, such as the way a concept is represented D. Adaptive instruction involves personalized learning

Dynamically Updated Learner Models

20. Newer digital learning systems can base adaptations on whether a student responds correctly or incorrectly.

A. True B. False

21. The University of Massachusetts’ Wayang Outpost tutor system analyzes a student’s emotional state as well as distinguishing between frustration and intelligence.

A. True B. False

Using Clickers to Give Teachers Diagnostic Data for Adaptive Instruction

22. Classroom discussions are incorporated into the Contingent Pedagogies approach to give students the opportunity to engage in the scientific practices of argumentation and:

A. Developing explanations B. Demonstrating misconceptions C. Tracking examples D. Mirroring responses

Using Learning Data to Improve the System for Different Learning Profiles

23. In order to make improvements, Baker and colleagues analyzed data from adaptive learning systems for middle school math to distinguish between students who were attempting to game the system and students who were:

A. Frustrated and not trying B. Bored and not trying C. Trying but still struggling D. Succeeding with little effort

Adapting Learning Games to Sustain Student Engagement

24. Game designers strive to foster the kind of confusion that has been associated with ultimate mastery of a concept and deeper learning, rather than the confusion that leads to frustration and quitting.

A. True B. False

Chapter 3: Combining Data to Create Support Systems More Responsive to Student Needs

25. Each of the following is a reason cited for students dropping out of high school EXCEPT:

A. Academic disengagement B. Social disengagement C. Poverty D. Disengagement that generally occurs over a long-term, cumulative period

New Opportunities Provided by Technology

26. Siblings and peers can play critical roles in sparking and sustaining student engagement in learning activities.

A. True B. False

Linking Data from Different Service Agencies

27. Partners in The Youth Data Archive (YDA), which develops agreements with nonprofit and government agencies in selected areas and facilitates groups’ investigation of youth data to improve services and youth outcomes, includes ALL of the following EXCEPT:

A. Local police and sheriff’s departments B. Local health departments C. Human service agencies D. Recreation and parks departments

The YDA has defined chronic absenteeism

28. The YDA has defined chronic absenteeism as:

A. Being missing from school 12 percent of the year without an excuse B. Being missing from school 12 percent of the year with or without an excuse C. Being missing from school 10 percent of the year without an excuse D. Being missing from school 10 percent of the year with or without an excuse

29. Colleges and universities are leading the way in combining real-time course-level data with information from student data systems to create more dynamic early warning systems that help predict school failure.

A. True B. False

Using Current Course Data in the Signals Early Warning System/Evidence Issues Associated with Predictive Analytics

30. Which is NOT a correct statement about The Purdue University Course Signals system?

A. It identifies students at varying levels of risk B. It uses reactive analytics C. It institutes interventions in the form of feedback D. It institutes interventions in the form of prompts and supports from the course instructor

Creating Digital Badges to Recognize Student Learning and Accomplishments

31. While digital badges may provide a snapshot of a student’s competencies and capabilities, they provide much less information than standardized test scores or grade point averages.

A. True B. False

Chapter 4: Improving the Content and Process of Assessment with Technology

32. Supporting students’ learning calls for varied types of assessments, including each of the following EXCEPT:

A. Formative assessments administered in the course of learning to provide information that teachers and students can use to guide future learning B. Assessments of 21st-century skills such as collaboration, problem solving, and innovation C. Dynamic assessment to measure level of achievement in challenging and unfamiliar topics D. Assessment of personal and affective qualities related to intellectual curiosity, self-regulation-and persistence

33. One limitation with formative assessments is that they only give information about whether or not students arrive at a correct answer.

A. True B. False

New Opportunities Provided by Technology

34. A disadvantage of online learning systems is that they are unable to detect the amount of scaffolding and support a student needs.

A. True B. False

35. A concern with performance assessments has been the high cost of complex performances that entail orchestrating multiple understandings and skills.

A. True B. False

Intelligent Essay Scoring

36. Shermis and Hamner compared automatic essay scoring engines and human scorers using rubrics and found that each of the scoring engines produced essay scores that were ___________ those produced by human scorers.

A. Higher than B. Lower than C. Similar to D. Different from

Assessing Achievement During Learning

37. Educational accountability systems have directed the attention of schools and districts on students’ performance on quarterly benchmark state achievement tests.

A. True B. False

Mining Data from Learning Systems to Assess Cognitive Skills

38. Research indicates that gaining information on how a student interacts with the learning software, in particular, how a student responds after answering a problem incorrectly, can improve predictions of future student performance.

A. True B. False

Mining Data from Learning Systems to Assess Non-Cognitive Skills

39. Education systems do not explicitly measure important personal qualities such as conscientiousness and self-efficacy.

A. True B. False

Embedded Assessments in Newton’s Playground

40. In Newton’s Playground, a computer game designed as an assessment and learning environment for Newtonian physics, the learner:

A. Uses Newtonian principles to get a ball to move B. Draws a set of objects which “come to life” C. Works on problems and can retry them as often as they like D. All of the above

Chapter 5: Finding Appropriate Learning Resources and Making Informed Choices

41. One reason that excellent and effective digital resources may be underused is because:

A. They may not fit within the constraints of a particular classroom B. There are not enough digital resources available C. Educators aren’t skilled in technology D. None of the above

42. An advantage of digital learning resources is that anyone can create, configure, aggregate, and _______ learning materials.

A. Dismantle B. Modify C. Classify D. Intensify

Sharing Information about Learning Resources across Systems

43. The Learning Registry is a closed-source software project which provides the technical infrastructure and community practices for sharing information about learning resources across systems.

A. True B. False

Expanded Approaches for Gathering Evidence

44. When evaluating digital resources, educators should consider ALL of the following EXCEPT:

A. Design variables, including alignment with standards B. The designer's experience and background C. Product fit, including whether students find it engaging D. Cost and time needed

Digital Learning User Review Sites

45. EdSurge, a digital review site, serves both users and developers.

A. True B. False

User Panels

46. Which is NOT a correct statement about user panels?

A. They provide a prompt feedback loop to connect developers and targeted users B. They test a product’s usability C. They gather information about user needs and behavioral patterns for specific products D. They are one of the long-standing and traditional practices in market research

Expert Ratings, Reviews, and Curation

47. Even though it is not targeted for digital learning per se, What Works Clearinghouse of the Institute of Education Sciences is an example of an expert resource devoted to providing evidence of the effectiveness of learning resources.

A. True B. False

Researchers and Schools Collaborate on an Education Test Bed

48. The most successful digital learning test beds will draw on the research expertise of :

A. The education and science fields B. The technology and math fields C. The education and technology fields D. The math and science fields

Adapting Learning Resources

49. One problem with adapting learning resources is:

A. It may have unintended side effects B. It is too expensive C. It is too time consuming D. Teachers are not qualified to make those adaptations

Summary and Recommendations

50. Digital learning innovations should be developed and implemented slowly so every school has the chance to adopt them.

A. True B. False


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